> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://nining.website/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://nining.website/python/backend/django.md).

# django源码精读

### django 功能概览

* 英文官文文档  <https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/>
* 坚持英文阅读，前提是有英文阅读的感觉，可以从读一本英文小说，或[像这样](/python/enterprise-tools/ubuntu.md)开始

#### 一次请求来看django

![](https://3000470310-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-LjnfjqLUjS6U7OULoW9%2F-LnpxTTEk8dBNwey4-sV%2F-LnpxxtMoniI1LroNIv3%2Fdjango.png?alt=media\&token=b42949fc-c6e5-4318-8dd7-fe639ce2db85)

快速入门：<https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/intro/>，老老实实来一遍

### 搭建源码阅读环境

#### 版本控制

* 语义化版本  <https://semver.org/lang/zh-CN/> &#x20;
* 官文版本说明  <https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/internals/release-process/>  &#x20;
* Example: 2.0.x, 2.1.x, **2.2(LTS)**, 3.0.x, 3.1.x, **3.2(LTS)**, etc.
* Feature 淘汰策略   如何根据当前判断号判断，升级是否有影响 python -Wd
* 开源项目 发版计划周期 <https://code.djangoproject.com/wiki/Version1.11Roadmap>

#### 可调试的环境

* 版本选择 Django 2.2.4 (2019-09-02 开学季)
* 加注释的源码  <https://github.com/ni-ning/django/tree/source-comment>
* Winows 10 + Pycharm 2017.2.4 + Python 3.6.3

Windows系统下搭建虚拟环境

```bash
pip install virtualenv
pip install virtualenvwrapper   # 这是对virtualenv的封装版本，一定要在virtualenv后安装
  
virtualenv -p python django-inside-dev  # 创建名字为django-inside-dev的虚拟环境

cd djanog-inside-dev
cd Scripts    # 或 C:\virtualenv\django-inside-dev\Scripts\ 加入环境变量
activate  # 启动虚拟环境
deactive  # 退出虚拟环境

cd C:\virtualenv
# fork一下官方源码djagno
git clone --branch 2.2.4 git@github.com:ni-ning/django.git
git checkout -b resource-comment
git add .
git commit -m 'first step to read django code'

# 虚拟环境下源码安装
python setup.py install

# Pycharm 配置选择该虚拟环境下的Python解释器
# 打开Pycharm的Terminal自动进入activate环境
```

Pycharm打开虚拟环境django-inside-dev/site-packages的django源码，在Pycharm的命令行模式可以随时修改随时调试，爽歪歪

![](https://3000470310-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-legacy-files/o/assets%2F-LjnfjqLUjS6U7OULoW9%2F-LnqbQ1KS6ZmE4ZdlfI1%2F-LnqcPv1IYiUbq6XsPhm%2Fimage.png?alt=media\&token=f3c0e6a0-4fae-4ea5-bb86-e8b15233893c)

### 源码结构概况

#### 项目结构

开源项目最外层项目包括：测试tests，发布setup.py，文档docs，以及核心源码结构django

#### 结构源码

```python
django/django
- apps    # class AppConfig / class Apps
- bin     # django-admin -> management.execute_from_command_line()
- conf    # global_settings.py
- contrib
    |- admin    # resister
    |- auth     # authenticate,login,logout,get_user_model,get_user
    |- sessions # Session
- core
    |- cache
    |- mail
    |- serializers
- db
  |- models    # class Signal
- forms
- http         # HttpRequest, HttpResponse, Http404, SimpleCookie
- middleware
- template
- templatetags
- test
- urls        # path, re_path, include
- utils
- views
- shortcuts.py
```